Recent newbuilds for Canadian-owned concerns such as CSL and Algoma were or are being constructed in China. For their delivery trips to Canada via the Panama Canal, their hulls were stiffened amidships to allow them to do their ocean crossings. But once in Canadian waters, they were classified as lakers and as such are confined to coastal trades.

That is a plume !!! Great photo in such harsh conditions although those harsh conditions make the photo what it is I guess. Are these Great Lake Bulkers restricted to the Lakes due to their hull design or could they handle an ocean crossing ?

The emissions from scrubber-fitted ships are very much like those from smokers who have switched to e-cigarettes. There is a lot more smoke but - we are led to believe - it is "better" smoke.

G3 MARQUIS is a diesel-powered laker. The steam emitted in the cold brisk air is from her scrubber system. Gives the impression that we're going back decades when I used to photograph steam-powered lakers which produced large plumes of white cloud in winter weather.